Internal-combustion motor.



F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL coMsusnoN Moon.

APPLICATIDN lLED FEB. 28. |911.

PatentedSept. 28, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET l.

Y 1. kw

MUIIIA wlmi COWWAIHINTI'QN. Il L Patentdsept. 28, 1915.

6 swans-sneer 2.

F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION meu rmzs. 1911.

F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 28. i911.

1,155,13. Patentedsepn 28, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

lullin Mmm mlmmb.;

F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTIUN MOTOR.

APPuc/mou mio mme. |911.

3,155,138. y Pandsepn 28, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

caLulln MIAMI 'num D. t.

F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION mio 5.28. 1911.

1,155,138. Pantedsept. 28, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

coMPEss/o F. 0. FARWELL.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 28. I9ll.

Pateutedsept 28, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 6.

man 'um n. c.

FAY 0. FARWELL, OF DUBUQUE, IOWA.

ITERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

Application med February 28, 1911.

To uit y1li/1.0m it 11:11.13/ concern:

Be it known that I, FAY O. FARWELL, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Dubuque, county of Dubuque, and State of Iowa. have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Motors; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to internal Vcombustion motors and has for its principal ob` ject the. provision of a motor capable of delivering continuously a high power per unit of weight.

Theinvention refers more especially to motors for aerial and water craft, such as aeroplanes and motor boats, and the improved motor is of that general type in which a plurality of cylinders radiate from a central crank case and revolve with the casing around a central axis, which is constituted bv the crank shaft. Motors of this type are shown in my Patents Nos.` 806,125 and 831,048, dated December 5, 1905 and September 1S, 1906, respectively, and in my pending application, Serial Number 606,177, filed February 2, 1011.

In motors used for the propulsion of aerial craft and racing motor boats, the maximum power is required for long periods, and therefore a continuously large volume of fuel, z'. e. gaseous mixture must be supplied uniformly and Without variation. The production of this large power output from a given cylinder area and weight necessitates a high piston speed, and piston speeds of from eighteen hundred to two thousand feet per minute are entirely practical Under such conditions the admission of full charges of air and of the explosive mixture obviously requires a large inlet valve and unrestricted passage of the charge, and it is manifestly just as im ortant to provide a large exhaust valve an unrestricted passage for the spent gases.

In the usual types of motors two valves are employed in connection with each cylinder, one to admit the charge and one to let out the exhaust gases. These valves, however, are of altogether insufficient size for the above purposes, as itis impossible to so arrange two sufficiently lrge valves within Athearea of the cylinder head that they will function properly. Valve pockets or en- Specication of Letters Patent.

Ivutcnted Sept. 28, 3195MB..

serial No. 611,342.

largements on the side of the cylinder, to admit of the use of larger valves, are not onlyinefficient but also highly objectionable by reason of their liability to collect carbon and other deposits. This disadvantage of the usual types of internal combustion motors, together with the restriction of the infiowing charge which is afforded by the usual manifold pipes and carbureter, unduly limits the charge and therefore the speed and power of such motors under full load conditions, with the result that the ellieiency of the motor is relatively small. These motors will, of course. produce a. high speed and a small power output such as would be sutiicient for automobile use, but they do not produce a maximum power out put with high speed because of their inability to take in a full charge at high speeds.

Under these circumstances, one of the objects of the present invention is to overcome these draw-backs and to produce a motor having ample means to let out the exhaust at high speeds and to admit full charges of air and fuel under the same conditions.

Another object which I have in view is a marked improvement in the power regula tion of motors of this type, especially with a view to high economy of fuel when the motor is run below its maximum power output. While it is essential that the motor be capable of deliveringits maximum power for long periods, as where it is used to propel an aerial craft, for example, it is also very desirable that the motor be economical in the use of fuel when its maximum power output is not employed.

There are two systems in general use for regulating the power of hydrocarbon motors, The system of throttling the charge, which prevents the cylinder from receivingr a full charge, is not economical by reason of the vacuum created in the cylinder on the suction stroke. It is also especially objectionable on revolving cylinder motors inasmuch as the aforesaid vacuum draws the lubricating oil past tlie piston which is difficult to lubricatc at best owing to the throwing of the oil to the explosion side of the piston by centrifugal force. Another system or method of power regulating consists in the variation of the compression in the cylinder bvholding the inlet valve open during a portion of the compression stroke. this system is less wasteful of fuel and does not create an objectionablel vacuum in the cylinder, but the charge is drawn into the cylinder in a thoroughly mixed gaseous or-carbureted forni, and a charge with an excess of air cannot be ignited.

iiccording to the present invention I do away with all of these objectionable-features while admitting at all times a full charge of air to the cylinder. This charge is always compressed to the full compression pressure. These results are obtained by admitting fuel into the cylinder in a liquid form independent of the air, and this liquid is thrown against the head of the revolving cylinder by centrifugal force. During the suction and compression strokes, enough of the liquid fuel is gasified and mixed with air to foi'm an explosive mixture with a partoiily of the cylinder content of air, and as the'resulting gas is heavier than air it is held in the head of the cylinder by centrifugal force, where it surrounds the electrical ignition devices on the cylinder. During the explosion or power stroke the remainder of the liquid fuel is gasitied and mixed with air and combustion is completed. lt will therefore be seen that asinall quantity of fuel may be consumed in an excess of air` and that this system is therefore very economical in the use of fuel when the engine runs at a low power output.

A still further object of the invention is the provision of an improved means for supplying and uniformly distributing the fuel charge to the respective cylinders of an engine of this type. The lsystem of injecting liquid fuel directly into the cylinders some time after the exhaust stroke and before or during the explosion stroke, is used in various forms, but such motors in practice are limited mostly to large moderate speed niotors in which the quantity of liquid fuel used on each explosion stroke is considerable. Multiple cylinder motors and high speed motors have been unsuccessful, however, because of the dilliculty of delivering to each c vlinder small equal quantities of liquid fuel. lt will be readily understood that large quantities of liquid can be handled at inoderate, speeds by pumps and the like, but that lsmall quantities cannot be pumped in exact and unvaryirvr volumes at high speeds, for which reason tie explosions in the several c vlinders cannot be obtained in 4a uniform and reliable manner.

rlhis disadvantage is obviated according to the present invention, which provides for the division and delivery of a very large.

number of fuel charges per minute to the several cylinders, which' would be impossible with any pumping system. In order to ohtain this result the centrifugal force induced by the rotation of the cylinders is utilized in the novel .mannerl to be hereinafter ex-` plained.

r1"he invention also provides an improved ignition system for motors of the type indicated, and it further consists in certain constructional or detail features of the motor,

-as will hereinafter appear.

ln the accompanying drawing: Figure l is a side elevation of a motor embodying the invention, with a part of the supporting structure removed, Fig. 2 is a similar view from the opposite side of the engine; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section through the crank shaft, with certain parts omitted; Fig. l is an enlarged fragmentary view of one of' the cylinders; Figsf, 6, 7 and 8 are vertical central sections of one of the cylinders, showing the four phases of operation, the valve controlling cam being shown at right angles to its true position; Fig. 9 is an enlarged face view of the cam mechanism. and Figs. l0 and 11 are details of the valve operating mechanism.

'l`lic nietor comprises a central chamber or crank case from which radiate a plurality of cylinders B. I have illustrated a six cylinder motor, but it will be understood that the number of cylinders is not essential. The crank case A is closed at the sides by cover plates A', A2 each having an extension forming a bearing for the crank shaft and a bearing for a supporting frame such as A3 in which the cylinder and casing part of the motor is freely ,and rotatably mounted. The crank shaft is shown at Bx and it is suitably connected with the respective pistons B.

Secured to the outer face of the cover plate A is a cani casing A, and on the outer face of said casing is a liquid fuel chamber C. This chamber is of annular form, concentric with the shaft and is provided at its outer face and near the center thereof with an annular inlet opening 15. Into this open ing passes a fixed supply pipe 16 for thel liq uid fuel, said pipe being conveniently mounted on the. supporting frame A, as shown in Fig. 3, and having communication with a supply pipe 1T controlled by a regulating needle valve 1S. The peripheral portion of the. inlet fuel chamber is perforated equidistantly, corresponding to the location ol` the several cylinders, to afford communicatic-n with radially directed fuel distributing pipes 19 which lead to fuel inlet valves 20, of which one is associated with earh cylinder near the head thereof. Each valve Q() preferably comprises a casing 21 having a branch Q2 screwed into the side of the cylinder and directed laterally with respect to the same. Operating in the casing Q1, which is suitably connected with the corresponding distributing pipe 19, is a valve proper, 23, which is normally urged upwardly by a spring 24 into its closed position, wherein it cuts off communication between the distributing pipe 19 andthe inlet nozzle 22.

iio

iso i pontwithin the crank case and The spriin'gr 24 is interposed between the valve casing and a head .25 on the outer end o'f thc va'lve stein. V Y

llhe fuel admission valves 20 of the several cylinders are opened at the; proper time by means of coirespordintf tappetls 26 carried by rolls 2T controlledhby suitable caml mechanism in thc cam case A, as will ereinaftcr appear. When a rod 2T is so actuated as to cause the engagement of the tarppet 2o with the head 25 of the fuel in et valve. such valve will be opened in opposition to its spring,- as will be understood.

lhc rods 27, which ctentl alongside thc respcctire cylinders and project radially out of thclcahi case are also hsed to operate combined air admission and exhaust valves D. Each valte is comparatively large and it is slillablyv mounted in thc cylinder head. The upwardly directed stem .28 of said valve is provided at its outer extremity with a curved head 29 which extends within u tubular slotted cross rod 30. rThe valve. stem QH is pivotally connected with this -l tubular cross' rod by means sheh as a cotter/ ill. as shown' in Fibs. 10 and 11, and the forni of the headl 29 is sllch as to permit the cross rod to fnlcrurn freely on the valve stein, to which it is connected intermediate of the ends of said rod. One of the ends of the cross rod is pivotally connected with the end of the corresponding valye'operating rod 2T by means o'f a pivotal connection similar to that just described. The ofpositc end of the cross rod 30 is connecte in` the same way to a rod 32 which forms a part of the ignition mechanism,` as will llereinafter appear. Thel rod 27, when properly controlled by the cam mechanism, not only actuates the fuel admission talve and the air admission and exhaust valve but it also operates this ignition' Inechanisni.

In the embodiment shown the' earn mechanism for controlling the movements of the respective rods 27 comprises a plurality of cams E in the cam case, one for each rod. These cams surround the bearing sleeve for the sha ft at that side of the engine, und they areI operated as a unit by means of a train of gears operated from the' crank shaft. This train of gears comprises a gear 33', (Fig. 2l) fixed on the crank shaft; a planetary gear 34 meshingx with the gear 3d at a' rigidly connected with a planetary gear 85 within the calli case; and a fear 36 meshiti with the gear and fixen to a sleeve 3 rotatably mounted on the aforesaid bearing-sleeve of the engine. The sleeve 37 carries the several cams E, which are' Grouped side by side and displaced angiilarly with respect to each other in the manner shown in'Fig. 9. Bearing against each cain is an elbow lever 38 fulcruined on a pin 39 fixed to the cover plate A. Une end of the elbow lever 38 is stiitably formed to' Contact with the cam while the opposite end is ivoted to the in` nci end o'f tie corrcs on( ma' valve operating ro'd 27. t Will e readily understood that with the aforesaid arrangement of the gears and cams, the relative angular movement of thecrank case and the crank shaft will result la an angular increment of the cam system with respect to the several elbow levers 38 on the cam ca'se in order that the desired operations of the valve operating rods QT lint he 0btained, as will hereinafter appear. ach earn has four radii a., b, c, (l, which coirespo d with the different phases of the four-eye e operation. Of course the number of cams E is determined by the numb'er of cylinders, although it will bell'ln'derstood that in some cases cams having different sets of contour may be employed` in which event the number of cams will be less than the nu'mber of cylinders.

The ignition mechanism emploved is suhstantially as followsz-lach of t ie rods :12, which are pivotcd td the ends of the cross rods 3U of the valve operating mechanism. passes freely throtlgh a lug 40 at the side of the corresponding c linder head, which lug is preferably forme integral with the e linder. .Above said lag 40', as shown in figs. 5 to 8, the vibd 32 carries a block 41 of suitable inslating material, which b eck is adjustable longitudinally of the ro by means of lits 42. The outward travel of the rod in t 'e lug 40 is limited by an adjustable nut 43 on the inner or lower end of the rod. The inshlating bloeit 41 carries three soparate metallic contacts or lates 41, 41", 41, which arearrang'ed side y side at suitable intervals find each of which is furnished with a suitable terminal screw. The side contacts 41* 41 are connected by means of wires 44 with spark plugs 45, 4G, respec tively` fitted in the wall of the cylinder at opposite sides of its longitudinal axis, as sh'o'wn in Fig. 4. The intermediate contact 41" is connected with the rod 32 or any other part of the motor on which it can be grounded. Arranged opposite the contacts 41, 41", 41 are three similar contacts 4T, 4T", 47 on an insulating block 47 on lug 40, these two sets of contacts being so located that when the rod 32 is depressed it will carry down the contacts on the block -ll into engagement with the respective contacts on the lug 40, thereby com lcting the electrical co nections now to be cscribed.

he fixed contacts 47, 47", 47 are connected by means of corresponding wires or condi ctors 48* 48", 48', with corre- Spending Contact rings 49. 4a, 49e, which are arranged eoncentrically and set in grooves in the oiiter face of an annular insulating member or ring 50 rotatable with the engine case. The insulating ring o0 is concentric with the shaft B and is preferably applied in anysuitable manner to the cover plate A2. Making contact with the.

several contact rings 4 9", 49", 49 are suitable brushes 51, 5l, 51, which may be appropriately mounted on an insulating block 52, conveniently arranged on the supporting frame A, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3.

'lhe brush 5l ma be connected by means of a wire 53 and switch 54 with a battery 55 which is connected at the opposite sido b means of a wire 56 and switches 57, 58 witli spark coils 5S), (50, the battery circuit beinr completed by leads 61 and 61 connected witli the coils 59, GO at one end and with the ground at the other end. The connection with the ground is preferably made by a terminal GQ on one bearing sleeve of the motor, as shown in Fig. 3; t will be under- `stood` therefore, that the circuit 53, 55, 56, (il, 6l which is in connection with the intermediate contact ring and the intermediate contacts 41h, 47", is the primary ground circuit for the battery and is closed by the engagementof the two last mentioned contacts. The spark coils 59, (50 have their secondaries connected by means of leads G3, 64, respectively with the brushes 51 and 51, ,and hence the two paths including the wires 4S, 48, contacts 47, 479, contacts 41", 41

and spark plugs 45, 46 are-secondary leadsfor the respective spark plugs. These secondary leads are completed or closed bythe engagement of the contacts 41, 47* and by the contact of 41? with 47,as will be understood. These secondary ,connections are therefore completed at the same time that the primary circuit is closed, and the closing of all three paths is effected by the movement of the contact block 41 on the rod 32, with respect to the fixed Contact lug on the cylinder head.

'l`he operation of an engine of this type is essentially as follows -Liquid fuel is fed into the annular fuel chamber .C by means of the supply pipe 1G, the amount of fuel being properly regulated by the needle valve 1S. lf it is assumed that the, motor is already in operation, andthat the engine casing and cylinders are rotated as a unit, around the central crank shaft, it will be readily understood that the centrifugal force induced will cause the fuel entering by the pipe 16 to be thrown outward against the peripheral walls of the fuel chamber. From thispoint it is projected uniformly by the centrifugal force, in equal portions, to the fuel inlet valves 20 on the cylinder heads. It is a well known physical law that if n circular chamber or bowl be revolved rapidly and a quantity of liquid be introduced into the same, the liquid, through the' influence of` centrifugal force, will form-a uniform film on the vinner surfaceof the periphery of the revolvinglchamber. -This sameaction takes placein, the present instance, and.

owing to the fact that the outlet holes of the 4fuel chamber are located equidistantly in the ciicumference of the chamber, the liquid will be projected out of the several holes in absolutely equal quantities. The valve casings 20 are therefore supplied uniformly with liquid fuel which backs 11p in the tubes or pipes 19 when the valves are closed, to an extent determined by the amount of the charge which, in turn, is determined by the adjustment of the Single inlet valve 1H.

ReferringT now to Figs. 5 to 8 inclusive, and particularly to Fig. 5, it will be seen that at theV end of the aower stroke the rod 27 through the pull o the elbow lever or bell crank 38 in passing from the radius c of its cam ll to the radius 11, will be moved inward. At the same time the cross rod or lever 3() will fulcrum at its pivotal connection 31 with the rod B2, thereby opening the combined exhaust and air inlet valvel l) and letting out| the exhaust gases. At this time the movable contacts of the ignition mechanism are raised out of operative position and the fuel admission valve 20 being closed, the fuel projected outwardly in the radial fuel pipe 19 will back up or accumulate in that portion of the fuel ipe which is adjacent said valve. The air Inlet and exhaust valve D will remain yin the position shown in Fig. 5 during the entire exhaust stroke and part ofthe suction stroke, whereupon the bell crank 38- in passing from the radius b to the radius a of its cam will move the rod .27 inward still farther, together with the air inlet and exhaust valve, as shown in Fig. (3. Duringthe continuance of the suction stroke, in which a full supply of air is admitted to the cylinder by way of the large valve D, the arm or tappet 26 on the rod 27 will contact with the head 25 of the fuel admission valve 20 and thereby open said valve in the manner hereinbefore ex ilained, with the result that all of the liquid that had accumulated in the valve and supply pipe during the proceeding compression, explosion and exhaust strokes is admitted into the cylinder head. At the end of the suction stroke the bell crank38 will have dropped back from radius a to radius c, permitting the rod 27 to move outward by centrifugal force. T his results in the closing of the valve D and also the closin of the fuel valve, as shown in Fig.` 7. he compression stroke then takes place, and the parts retain the position indicated until said stroke is nearly com plated, at which time the bell crank will drop fromradius c to radius d. The rod 2.7 will therefore be moved outward still farther by centrifugal force and the lever 30 will fulcrum on the valve rstem 28, which is rigidly ,held in its outward position by the compression in the cylinder, as will be understood. The resulting movement of the lever 30. will therefore move the contact incenso block 41 into roximity to the insulating block 47 on the xed lug 40, as shown in F 8, whereby the opposing contacts are engaged with each other.l This causes the grounding of the battery circuit through the primary contacts, as previously described, and as the battery circuit is now completed through the spark coils 5%), 60a secondary current will pass through each of said coils to the respective `spart Aplug by way of the corresponding secondary pat-1 and its set of contacts, as hereinbciore explained, whereby'thc ,charge is tired. The four phases of the four-cycle o eration ,are then repeated. 1n the case of tiie six cylinder motor illustrated, ,the phases of the respective cylinders bear .the relation indicated in Fig. 1. The power is regulated solely by the adjustment of the fuel valve 18.

It will be readily understood from the foregoing: description ,that the fuel charges are at all times supplied .to the cylinders in a positii'e, eflicient and unrestricted manner, irrespective of the speed attained. The air supply to the cylinders and ythe exhaust are also just as thorough at high speeds as at moderate speeds, owing tothe provision of the large valves D and the means fory operating them in a reliable manner. Full lcharges ot air, compressed :to `the full .compression pressure are always used, and during the suction and compression strokes enough of the. fuel thrown against the head of the revolvingr c iflinder is raporized .to ,form an explosive mixture with a part of ,the air content of ,the cylinder. As this vapor oi-gas is heai'ier lthan the air it is held in the head of the cylinder by centrifugal force, where it is immediately adjacent the spark plugs. Dariusr the. -explosion or power stroke the rest of the liquid fuel charge is ,vaporized and during this stroke the combustion is completed. It will, therefore, be evident that the power stroke differs from that in a motor usine a earbureted charge, in that the initial ,pressure is lower, although on the other hand the pressure is sustained for a longer part of the power stroke. The combustion has an increasing expanding rather than an explosive effect. It will be readily understood that if the relatively smaliquantity of fuel fed .to the cylinder were thorouehly mixed with the entire volume of air in the cylinder .the gas produced would be too .woitk ,to ignite,` but .the present l`system ohriates ythis ,disadvantage by utilizing ,the centritugal ,force to keep .the fuel in` the .cylinder 4,head where it is .separate f-romthe greater part .of .the air .contento the cylinder. Consequently, very small lfuel charges can he .consumed in an excess .of air, with .a resulting increase in the economy of lfuel when less ,than maximum ,power-.is used.

the two spark pines and ,theftwo secondary .circuits .are employed (to make ignition .doubly sure. Either spark coil or either plusr might fail and yet a spark would be produced from one plug. This feature is obviously ofconsiderable importance .where ,the motor is used on aeroplanes, for instance, under which circumstances the reliable operation of the ignition system is a matter of thegreatest concern. However, although have shown two spark plugs associated with each cylinder it is obvious Ithat the number may be .varied as required by circumstances. ,Other arrangements ofthe wiring may also be resorted to without departing from vthe invention. For instance, a magneto could be substituted for one of the spark coils, .or the battery could be continuously grounded, causing .the coils to produce a continuous stream of sparks. In this latter case rthe primary circuit could be disconnected or could be used to supply a third secondary current to a third plug if desired, and the secondary currents would pass only to the cylinder ready to be fired and whose Contact blocks hill. and i7 were in a contact-making position.

In additionto the ignition system just described I may use an automatic igaiiter which may be employed in-,connection with the electrical ignition means or may he used by itself after the motor has been run for a certain .length of time. This automatic ig niter consists of a metal ignition device 1f applied in a convenient manner `:to the .explo sion ,side of the piston. This vdevice preferably comprises an outer cup-,shaped casinar 65, as best shown in Figs. to 9, said casing being providedinteriorly with a plurality of disks 66 of some suitable heatretainingjr metal. During the power stroke the whole device becomes highly heated by the burning charge. During the exhaust and suction strokes the outer easing becomes chilled below the ioniting point, ,but the disks are so protected by the casing as to retain vsullicient heat to ignite the explosive mixture. A fter the motor has beer. in operation for some time the disks G6 will have gradually become so highly heated that when .the ignition device is .thrust into the gaseous mixture held in the head of the cylinder by centrifugal force, it will ignite such mixture. The retention oi the explosive mixture in the -cylinder head is therefore of great importance in this case also, as the automatic igniter is not brought into close proximity with the fuel except when :the igniter approaches the cylinder head ncar the end of the compression stroke, i. c., at the proper til-ine point. llt is obvious that this would not occur if the liquid :fuel were carbureted and entered the cylinder as ,au explosive mixture` for it the automatic imiter were sutliciently hot to ,tire thecharue with certainty, it would fire it too early, or as soon as am' of .the inrushingr explosive .charge came in .contact .with it.

iis

The same thing would resultl in a stationary cylinder even if liquid fuel were injected, because of the absence of. means such as centrifugal force to prevent the rapidly evaporating fuel from coming in contact with the highly heated igniter,` before the end of the compression stroke.

It will be evident that the fuel distribution system, the combustion of the fuel in excess of air and the automatic ignition system all necessitate the rotation of cylinders around a central axis, and that this is also required by the arrangement of the contact rings of the electric ignition on the casing in combination with the fixed brushes hereinbefore described. However, the crank shaft may be rotatable or stationary,`as desired. I prefer to use a motor in which the cylinders rotate at a moderate speed in one direction and the crank shaft rotates at a higher speed in the opposite direction. Although the employment of a fixed 4crank shaft is practicable it entails several disadvantagesI which do not occur in my preferred arrangement. For instance, if the most efficient piston s eed is to be obtained the casing and cylin ers will have to be rotated at a high speed and this will necessitate much greater weight and strength in the cylinders, connecting rods, flanges and fastenings to withstand the greater strains of centrifugal force, which is quadrupled as the speed is doubled. The high rotative speed of the cylinders is also prejudicial to lubrication because the greater centrifugal force throws the oil outward and past the pistons without properly lubricating the latter. Again, the excellent cooling effect produced by rotating the cylinders at a moderate speed is greatly lessened when the cylinders are given a high speed because the atmospheric pressure is not suilicient to force fresh air in contact with the rear sides of the cylinders, which will therefore become over-heated.

(lf course the specific arrangement of the valve operating levers 88 docs not affect the broader aspects of the invention, but the pivotal connection of the valve operating rod 2T, the valve stem 28 and the contact carrying rod 32 to a tubular lever in the manner described provides a very strong light and durable construction.' The tubular lever need only be slotted sufliciently to make the necessary connections, as will be understood. The pull of the rods 27 and 32l and of the valve stem 28 is brought directlyupon the tubular lever by the curved or oval shaped heads 29'in contact with the inner surface of the latter.

It will be understood that although 1 have described in detail the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the drawing I-have not attempted to describe the numerous modifications of the construction which may be adopted without ldeparting from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims,

What I claim is :j-

l. In an internal combustion motor, cylinders radiating from and rotatable about a central axis, liquid fuel inlet valves on the respective cylinders, a circular liquid fuel chamber concentric with the rotary axis of thc cylinders and movable with the latter, and pipes connecting said chamber with the respective fuel valves.

2. In an internal combustion motor, cylinders rotatable about a central axis, a central liquid fuel chamber movable with the cylinders, fuel inlet valves on the respective cylinders and connected with said fuel chamber for supply of liquid fuel therefrom, and means for operating said valves.

3. The combination with a rotary motor casing and cylinders radiating therefrom, of a liquid fuel` chamber of annular form applied to one face of said casing concentric with the axis of rotation of the latter, liquid fuel inlet valves on the outer ends of the cylinders and havin individual connections with said fuel cham er into which the fuel is projected by centrifugal force, and means for operating said valves.

4. fhe combination with a rotary crank case and cylinders radiating therefrom, of a circular fuel chamber applied to one side of the crank case and having an opening in its outer face a fixed liquid fuel supply pipe to inject fuel into said opening and into said chamber, fuel inlet valves on the outer ends of the respective cylinders, and radial pipes extending alongside the respective cylinders and connecting the fuel chamber with the respective inlet valves, said pipes adapted to conduct the liquid fuel from said fuel chamber to said inlet valves.

5. The combination with a rotary crank case of a motor, and a lurality of cylinders radiating therefrom of) a rotary fuel supply casing carried by the crank case and into which liquid fuel is fed in regulable quantities, a fixed pipe to feed said fuel to thc said rotary casing, normally closed fuel inlet valves on the cylinders, pipes connecting said valves with said fuel casing and adapted to conduct the liquid fuel from said fuel casing to the valves, and means to open said valves eriodically.

G. In an internal combustion motor, the

combmation of cylinders rotatable about a central axis, normally closed fuel admission valves on the respective cylinders, air inlet valves associated with said cylinders, a. central crank shaft, cam mechanism associated with said crank shaft, and valve operating rods controlled by saidl cam mechanism adapted to cause both valves to remain open for part of the same cycle of operation.

'l'. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders rotatable about a central axis, a central crank shaft, a combined air admission and exhaust valve of relatively large area located in the head of cach cylinder, a fuel admission valve in each cylinder, cam mechanism associated with the crank shaft, and valve operating rods controlled by said cam mechanism and connected with said valves to operate the saine, to cause the air inlet and exhaust valve. only to remain o ien during the exhaust stroke and both va ves to remain open during part of the suction stroke.

8. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of a plurality7 of cylindeis rotatable about a central axis, a central crank shaft., a combined air inlet and exhaust valve of larve area in the head of each cylinder, a fuel admission valve in the side of cach cylinder, means to supply fuel to said last named valves, and cam mechanism associated with the crank shaft and connected with said valves to o )crate the same to cause the air inlet and exliaust valve only to reniniii open during the exhaust stroke and both valves to remain open during part of the suction stroke.

IlO

il. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of cylinders mounted for rotation about a single axis, a crank shaft counccted with the pistons of said cylinders, a combined air admission and exhaust valve in the head of each cylinder, levers connected with the stems of said valves, valve operating rods connected with said levers, cam mechanism associated with the crank shaft to control said rods, normally closed fuel admission valves on the respective cylinders, and means carried by said rods to abut said l'nel valves periodically and thereby open the same.

10. In an internal combustion motor of the type described, the combination of a central crank shaft, cylinders rotatable about the same, a fuel admission means in connection with each cylinder, air admission and exhaust means in connection with each cylinder, ignition means associated with each cylinder, and cam mechanism associated with the crank shaft and connected with all of the aforesaid means to operate the same, when the cylinders are rotated.

11. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of cylinders rotatable about a single axis, a valve associated with each cylinder, cam controlled valve operating rods, ignition means on each of the cylinders coniprising contact devices operated by said valve operating rods, a primary ignition eircuit, and secondary ignition connections connected with said contact devices.

l2. In an internal combustion motor, thc combination of cylinders rotatable abouta siligle axis and having valves, valve operating rods assocated with the respective cylinders, a pluralit of ignition devices in connection with eacii cylinder, said devices comprising contact devices operated by said valve operating rods, a primary ignition circuit, and secondary ignition connections connected with the contact devices.

13. In an internal combustion motor, thc combination of a plurality of cylinders rotatable about a common axis and each provided with a combined air inlet and exhaust valve, cam controlled rods to operate said valves, contact devices o )erated by said rods, a plurality of spark piugs associated with each cylinder, and secondary current connections connected with said plugs and with said contact devices.

14. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders rotatable about a common axis, cam controlled rods associated with the respective cylinders, contact devices operated by each rod, an ignition device on each cylinder, a primary ignition circuit, and secondary circuit connections connected with said ignition device,

and said contact device.

15. In an internal combustion motor, the combination of a plurality of cylinders rotatable about a common axis, a cam controlled rod associated with each cylinder, an ignition device associated with each cylinder, a contact device operated by cach oi said rods, and a secondary current supply connected with each contact device and cach ignition device and including a contact ring on the motor casing and a relatively fixed brush coacting with said ring.

In testimon whereof I afiix my signature, in presence o two witnesses.

FAY O. FARWELL. Witnesses:

Ra S. FAawnLL, R. W. Bossimirr.

@esioc of this patent may be obtained for iive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. 0. 

